MUHAMMAD’S LIFE HISTORY: A GENEALOGICAL DISCOURSE THROUGH WESTERN 18 - 20 CENTURY VIEWS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46773/imtiyaz.v3i1.24Keywords:
Muhammad, genealogy, discourseAbstract
This paper describes the discourse of the image and biography of Prophet Muhammad in the view of Western scholars from the 18th century to the 20th century. Photographing the dynamics and development of their thinking in Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach, through Foucault’s genealogy. The discourse focused on the features and characteristics of three important scholars of his time: Edward Gibbon, R. Bosworth Smith, and W. Montgomery WattReferences
Al-Makin. Antara Timur dan Barat: Batasan, Dominasi, Relasi, dan Globalisasi. Yogyakarta: Suka-Press, 2017.
Armstrong, Karen. Muhammad: Prophet for Our Time. London: Harper Collins Publisher, 2006.
Balan, Sergiu. M.Foucault’s View on Power Relations, Institute Of Philosophy and Psychology “C.R. Motru”, Bucharest. 2016.
Bertens, K. Filsafat Barat Kontemporer. Jakarta: Gramedia 2006.
Darma, Yoce Aliah. analisis Wacana Kritis dalam Multiperspektif. Bandung: Refika Aditama, 2014.
Donner, Fred M. Muhammad and Believers. The Belknap Press of Harvard University, 2010.
_____. Narratives of Islamic Origins: The Beginning of Islamic Historical Writing. Princeton: The Darwin Press, 1998.
Eriyanto. Analisis Wacana: Pengantar Analisis Teks Media. Yogyakarta: LKis, 2001.
Foucault, Michel. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison, translated by Alan Sheridan. England: Pengin Books, 1982.
_____. The Archaelogy of Knowledge. London: Routledge, 2004.
_____.Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison, translated by Alan Sheridan. England: Pengin Books, 1982.
_____. Essential Works of Foucault 1954-1984: Aesthetics, Method, and Epistemology. New York: The New Press,1998.
Gibbon, Edward. The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. Boston: Philip, & Samson, 1854.
Gunny, Ahmad. “Assessment of Material Realting to Prophet Muhammad by Some French-Speaking Writers: From the Eighteenth Century Onwards”, in Islamic Studies, Vol. 50, No. 2, Summer 2011.
Gutting, Gary. Foucault: A Very Short Introduction. London: Oxford,1995.
Hadi, Sutrisno. Metodologi Research. Yogyakarta: Andi Offset, 1990.
Haryatmoko, Critical discourse Analysis, (Analisis Wacana Kritis): Landasan teori, Metodologi, dan Penerapan. Jakarta: Rajawali Press, 2017.
Kaelan, M.S. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif bidang Filsafat. Yogyakarta: Paradigma, 2005.
Lewis, Bernard. “Gibbon On Muhammad”, in Daedalus, Vol. 105. No. 3 Edward Gibbon and the Decline and fall of the Roman Empire (Summer, 1976), The IMT Press.
Naqvi, Syed Ali Raza. “Prophet Muhammad’s Image in the Western Enlightened Scholarship”, in Islamic Studies, Vol. 20. No.2. Summer 1981.
Nietzsche, Friedrich. The Will to Power, Translated by Walter Kaufmann and R.J. Hollingdale. New York: Vintage Books, 1967.
Said, Edward. Orientalism. New York: Vintage Books, 1978.
Siddiqi, Mazheruddin. “The Orientalist and the Orientalist”, in Islamic Studies, vol. 19, No. 3, Autumn 1980.
Sirry, Mun’im. Kemunculan Islam dalam Kesarjanaan Revisionis. Yogyakarta: Suka-Press, 2017.
Smith,R. Bosworth. Mohammed and Mohammedanism. London: John Murray, Albemarle Street, 1889.
Spencer, Robert. Did Muhammad Exist?: An Inquiry into Islam’s Obscure Origin. Wilmington, Delaware: ISI Books, 2012.
Watt, W. Motgomery. Muhammad: Prophet and Stateman. London - New York: Oxford University press, 1964.
Yasien, Syaik Khalil. Muhammad di Mata Cendekiwan Barat. Jakarta: Gema Insani Press, 1989.
